November 12th, 2009 by engineering magazines
Automobile is a vital object of your life and it is used for turning your life forward. To understand your car finer and make it intact you have to think your car as a absolute automatic system. And like all automotive systems it requires upkeep to make alive. Time we use cars or vehicles we rarely observance it as a absolute system. Just imagine how the things are structured and how this automotive system works. The variations introduced by vehicle manufacturers are nothing but making automotive systems finer and finer!
All the units in your car from keyless entry to power steering wheel, chrome alloy wheels to power windows, cooling system and engine adjustment all together form automotive systems. And upkeep of automotive systems is not an effortless thing. Today’s car is not a object of big machineries and parts; it is more or less like a computer; fine, fitted with smaller and brainy units. upkeep of it requires intelligence and knowledge. Without suitable knowledge and intent about the systems one cannot just cover the job of maintaining an engine perfectly. Hence it is very strategic for you to give an extra eye to upkeep of automotive systems.
Maintenance of your automotive systems must be done according to standards mentioned by manufacturers. Besides going for the proper upkeep of automotive systems, you can also cerebrate of certain enlistment in your car for improving automotive performance. Such enlistment and installation of parts in your automotive system will raise the performance of your vehicle and gain gas mileage. Given beneath are few accessories which can upgrade the performance of your car.
Reusable Air Filters: Reusable air filters are one of the good units you can buy for your car. It not only saves a favorable deal of money, but such filters have been found to amount acceleration of your vehicle. The use of reusable air filters have also a favorable outcome on environment. Such reusable air filter lasts longer for your car and keeps on keeping the performance uncastrated.
Performance Chips: Most brand new cars are operated by computer chips and those chips terminate the torque and h.p. to be displaced. Recalibrations or performance chips are highly in use these days to improve automotive performance. Installing performance chips will help you amount the torque and h.p. of your vehicle significantly.
Performance Exhaust Systems: This is another way to take care of automotive performance. The catalyst back exhaust system is a extraordinary way to free cornered force and loose the h.p.. This automotive system incorporates larger width exhaust pipe and low restriction muffler tips into your vehicle which lowers the exhaust back pressure. Another favorable gain of this system is a sound impression of your vehicle which is really awesome.
Cold Air Intake: This upgrade system is under the bonnet mod which is utilised to reduce the temperature of air entering the car to amount power of engine. This installation enhances your engine looks besides increasing its power. This object too makes the sound of engine appealing.
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November 7th, 2009 by engineering magazines
There are a variety of shapes and sizes for boat “hulls” or boat bottoms. A hull is designed to either displace or plane through the water. Small powerboats are usually built with planing hulls. They are designed to rise up and ride on top of the water at high speeds. Sailboats on the other hand use displacement hulls which allows the larger boat to move through the water smoothly.
Hull Types come in Flat bottom, Round bottom, Deep-V hull and Multi-hull.
Flat bottom hull boats are generally designed for slow speeds and calm waters. They tend to be less stable than other hull types in rough water.
Round bottom hull boats move smoothly through the water with little effort. A canoe is an example of a round bottom hull boat. Boaters have to be more cautious when loading, entering and exiting a round bottom boat because these boats can roll very easily.
Deep-V hull boats move through rough water, at higher speeds with a mother ride than a flat bottom or round bottom boat. This the most common hull type for powerboats. These boats require a larger engine than a flat or round bottom boat.
Multi-hull boats require plenty of room to steer and turn and are the most stable of the hull types. Pontoon boats and Catamarans are boats that use the multi-hull design.
Boats not only have different hull types, they are powered by different engine types (outboard, inboard and stern drives).
Outboard engines are typically two-stroke engines which require oil to be mixed with fuel to lubricate the engine, similar to gas powered weed eaters. An outboard engine is mounted on the transom of the boat and is controlled by a hand tiller or steering wheel which moves the entire engine as steering is changed.
Inboard engines are typically four-stroke automotive engines which have been modified for use on the water. These type engines are mounted inside the hull of the boat and powers the drive shaft which is connected to the propeller. Directly behind the propeller is the rudder which controls steering.
Stern Drive engines are commonly known as inboard/outboard engines. They have features found on both inboard and outboard engines. Stern drive engines use four-stroke automotive engines, modified for use on water, like inboard engines. Similar to outboard engines, the entire engine moves when the steering is adjusted. Stern drive engines are mounted inside the boat and attached through the transom.
For additional articles on boating visit: Cool Boating Site.
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October 18th, 2009 by engineering magazines
We live in the digital age where technology makes our lives easier each day. Advance medical equipments are created to help doctors treat patients, kitchen tools are innovated to make it easier for home makers, and
cars are made smarter to make driving easier for humans.
Automotive electronics paved the way for helpful features like anti-lock braking systems (ABS) and automatic weather adjustments which makes driving safer and more comfortable.
Car manufacturers spend about two thousand dollars in automotive electronics for every car that comes out of the assembly line. These automotive electronics transform the car into a vehicle with better performing engine, more adaptive entertainment systems, and safety features that are far more superior than its predecessors.
Automotive Electronics of the Modern Car
Control Area Network or CAN – There are several computers that run a modern car. The CAN is a network of computers that play vital roles in the different functions of the engine and its peripherals. The CAN serves as the bridge for the different computers so they can communicate with one another so everything are well coordinated. CAN controls the functions like cruise control, engine management, and the ABS.
Fuel Efficiency- automotive electronics can save a car owner hundreds of dollars in fuel consumption. This is done thru the EFI or Electronic Fuel Injection technology which ensures that the engine’s fuel consumption is at its optimal. In hybrid cars, a driver can easily switch from using gas and electronic power supply to run the vehicle.
Safety Devices- Most safety system is controlled by automotive electronics. Devices like the Acceleration Slip Regulation, Traction Control, Electronic Stability and Dynamic Steering wheel ensure the safety of the driver and the passengers. The simple but complicated timing of airbags during a road collision is also controlled by advanced automotive systems.
Added Features- Some cars today can even park themselves without any assistance from the driver. All the calculations are done by a computer making sure the car will not hit anything by making references to other cars and different objects in its surrounding.
One cannot imagine the evolution that took place with automotive electronics. The Apollo 11 which landed on the moon ran on a memory which is 150 kilobytes only. The sound systems of our cars today are running on 500 kilobytes of memory to ensuring our entertainment pleasure. Automotive electronics have gone far beyond entertainment and enhanced modern day vehicles in terms of safety, efficiency, and convenience.
The automotive industry projects billions of investments and sales in developing cars that are smarter, more fuel efficient and more environment-friendly in the future. Modern cars can be the answer to alleviate the adverse condition of the environment and the rising price of fuel all over the globe.
Cars are being developed to scan the traffic, the road, and all hazards so it can drive itself while the driver can do anything that he wants while in motion. The future cars can think for themselves with the aid of advanced automotive electronics. In that way, driving will be more than getting from one place to another.
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October 18th, 2009 by engineering magazines
Creating a replacement for the phenomenally successful; Model T Ford will always be recognized as one of the toughest tasks in all the entire history of the automobile industry. Later successes in an established industry are always easier – the groundwork has been done. It is early on in the marketing cycle of a
car , an industry or a sales territory is where the greatest efforts are usually required and the results success or failure are more dramatic. Mr. Henry Ford was confident and eccentric enough to want the Tin Lizzie to remain in production forever. Announced in 1908, the machine that put the world on wheels was destined to notch up just over 15 million sales before Mr. Ford accepted the fact a new model was vital and essential.”Sixty-four today and the biggest job of my life is ahead” Ford exclaimed as work began on the Model A, which was given the designation as the first car ever produced by his company , back in 1903. Believe it or not Ford Model T production ended nearly six months before the first of the newcomers was delivered : the hiatus appearing all the more extraordinary when you appreciate was then a one model
automotive car company. In terms of
cars for sale; the immense River Rouge plant built nothing for the almost a half of 1928.
Although far more complex than its predecessor , the parts count was 40 % higher, and most of these automotive components were new – the Model A is a miracle of simplicity by today’s modern standards – mechanical and of course electronic. Today’s vintage classic car fans appreciate the fact the Model A was designed to be fixed by blacksmiths of what was then the outback wilds of North Dakota. Key features of the Model A vehicle included a traditional frame-type suspension, transverse leaf springs, front and rear hydraulic dampers, a conventional ignition system, a safety-glass windshield, and a brake for each wheel. Like the Tin Lizzie, the newcomer was offered with an assortment of two door and door bodies, from a roadster and phaeton to sedan and taxi. Prices started at $ 460 in 1928.
It has been said about driving a Ford Model T that the driver should forget almost everything that they know about and are familiar with driving. For a driver sitting at the wheel of a Model T it is as if he is a driving novice. The only thing rather conventional about the setup for driving a Model T is the steering wheel. Not so with a Ford Model A. Anyone who can handle a standard manual transmission with proficiency need have no qualms about driving the Model A. The 3.3 liter engine’s four cylinders provide strong torque at very low engine revs, so there is no need to work up on down the three speed transmission. When one does, the shift’s silent simplicity will make you wonder why a vintage Bentley’s “cogs” can be so difficult to master.
The Ford Model A can maintain a cruising speed of 50 miles and hour with top bursts to a maximum of 65 miles per hour. This is all the more amazing when one considers that the engine is a 40 horsepower 4 cylinder engine running at 2200 revolutions per minute (rpm).
The Model A was remarkable in that it set a new standard with high quality that provided a rugged , more than reliable and characterful motoring , in an economical fashion all in return for more than a sensible amount for purchase price of an automotive product of its time from the market leader of its day – The Ford Motor Company.
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June 9th, 2009 by engineering magazines
Allowing your teenager to drive on their own can have many advantages. One of which is the convenience of not having to drive them from place to place. Yet they must truly acquire the responsibility to handle a
car on their own and must meet the required age to secure a license. Of course, in order to prevent this additional vehicle to become a financial burden, the price of the car, its maintenance and insurance coverage must be reasonably affordable.
The fact is that most insurers charge (much) higher auto insurance premiums for teenagers. To the insurance companies, most teen drivers are more reckless and accident-prone than adults. This is at least true when you look at claims statistics.
Fortunately there are ways to lower the auto insurance premiums for your teenager’s car. These pointers may help you get a better price from the insurers – in the long run and in the immediate future. These are tips that can help you enjoy the benefits of letting your teenager own a vehicle without burning a hole in your pocket:
1. Clean driving records. Well, this applies to any driver, especially teens, due to the tendency for auto insurers to slap them with higher-than-usual insurance premiums. Emphasize to your teen the importance of observing traffic laws and of having a clean driving record. Speeding tickets and other traffic violations instantly inflates their auto insurance cost to the stratosphere.
2. Increase the deductible. Auto insurance premium goes down as the deductible increases. However do take note that you’ll have to pay for the deductible amount in the event of an accident. So increase the deductible only to an amount you’re comfortable paying for.
3. Make and model of car. Some
cars are categorized as more “hazardous” than others. Therefore their insurance premiums are higher. Sports cars attract the highest premiums, so avoid these. Choose an automobile that has a lot of advanced safety features built into it, and preferably one with a lower engine capacity.
4. Limit mileage. Advise your teen to drive only when necessary. Higher mileage tends to attract more bills –- higher auto insurance bills, gas bills, maintenance bills, et cetera. They certainly love joy rides, yet you’ll have to get them to schedule these activities and limit them to reasonable frequencies.
For teenagers, getting their own automobile evoke feelings of freedom and adulthood. They have probably spent some time fantasizing about arriving at a party driving their brand new car with their partner in it. And if you’re able to find an ordinary-looking, second-hand car that has a lower engine capacity, chances are you’ll be able to get a car with a reasonable price and affordable car insurance.
You may want to consider installing some anti-theft devices (like steering wheel locks, fuel cut-off devices or GPS tracking devices) on the car as well. This may not only reduce the insurance premiums, it is also a way to protect the car from theft, which may result in a bad financial loss.
Most importantly, help your teens be accountable for their vehicle. You can also encourage them to pay for part of the auto insurance or fuel cost. In the long run, their auto insurance bills will begin to see a decline and paying for their car insurance does become more affordable.
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May 29th, 2009 by engineering magazines
Car engine is a lump of metal fitted in the car that makes the car go zoom. The traditional types of car engines are petrol and diesel. Since the introduction of automobiles in the Indian car industry, these two types of engines have been dominant and are still among the top most fuels used for fuelling the engines.
Though many alternative fuels like LPG, CNG, compressed air, and water are now used for running the engines, petrol and diesel engines hold their positions to the top. However, they differ a lot in terms of power, performance, and output.
Here we’ll discuss the basic differentiation between petrol engine and diesel engine.
Petrol Engine
Petrol engine is one of the traditional forms of car engine that runs on petrol. The first petrol engine was introduced by two skilled engineers from Germany, Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz, in the year 1885. This type of car engine is composed of nearly about 150 moving parts that supports burning of fuel with the use of spark plugs and cause expansion of hot gases.
In petrol engine, there is pre-mixing of fuel and air that enables the car to run at a higher speed but with lower fuel efficiency.
Diesel Engine
A diesel engine is an internal combustion engine that runs on diesel. Named after Dr. Rudolph Diesel, this type of engine uses the compression ignition to burn the fuel which is injected into the combustion chamber after the air is compressed.
Diesel engines were traditionally used in large automotives like trucks, locomotives, and ships in replacement of the steam engines. Later, the same were being used in automotives and passenger
cars for long distance driving and better power.
Petrol vs. Diesel
In India, petrol is costlier than diesel and that’s the reason why many people prefer diesel cars especially those who have long distance commuting on a daily basis.
When the time comes to resell the car, diesel cars have better resale value as compared to the petrol counterpart. This is because many people believe that diesel cars run longer than the petrol cars because petrol destroys lubrication but diesel does not.
It is also said that petrol cars give lower fuel efficiency as compared to the diesel cars. If the petrol cars deliver a mileage of about 60 mpg, then the diesel counterpart will deliver nearly about 70-80 mpg. On a long distance drive and long routes, diesel cars are much preferred over petrol siblings.
The compression ratio in diesel engine is 22:1 which makes it difficult to start the engine whereas in case of petrol engine, the engine is more likely to start at a quicker rate as compared to the diesel engine.
Petrol engines are comparatively lighter than the diesel engines but yet diesel ones give more torque which makes them better for towing.
Diesel engine makes the driving more heavy and uneasy as compared to the petrol engine. Diesel engine makes the steering wheel heavy and thus the driving needs an extra pressure.
Petrol cars produce less noise and vibration than the diesel car engines.
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