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What are Hybrid Automotives?

November 5th, 2009 by engineering magazines

The vehicles that use two power sources in conjunction with one another are called hybrid automotives or hybrid vehicles. The history of hybrid power technology is very old. It dates back to the time when diesel electric submarines were first used.

The idea is quite simple, use two power sources to increase the overall efficiency.

Now the question arises that why it was needed. The answer is simple, it was realized that an average person would not be able to afford gasoline in the near future. CO2 emissions will also increase similarly an average person does not require a V8, he/she just needs enough power to reach his destination in time. A V8 as well as a small vehicle can accomplish this. So the hybrid vehicle was introduced.

How it works?

The hybrid vehicle works by using electric as well as gasoline power. Diesel electric vehicles are also there but there numbers are quite low. The hybrid vehicle works by using electric power when the requirement for engine power is low for example when starting the vehicle and up to the speed of 30-40 mph as the electric source cannot run a vehicle by itself.

What is the basic idea behind Hybrid automotives?

The basic idea is to use a smaller lightweight engine to run a vehicle up to a required speed and when the car has to accelerate then the electric source can add some extra power to gain more speed. As a 1.0 liter engine can also move at 75 mph just like a V8 although the V8 has more acceleration power so why waste fuel on a muscle car when a 1.0-liter vehicle can work for you.

Types of Gasoline Hybrid Vehicles

There are two main types of gasoline hybrid vehicles: parallel hybrid car and series hybrid car. The series hybrid car uses the gasoline engine to turn a generator that can either charge the batteries or run an electric motor whereas the parallel hybrid car can combine the two power sources to give more power or the same amount of power but with a better mileage.

Body Structure of Hybrid Vehicles

Now the question arises how the hybrid vehicle can deliver these types of performances when they have such a small engine. They do so by using lightweight materials like carbon fiber composites, low-rolling resistance tires and advanced aerodynamics to reduce drag. The hybrids can even turn the gasoline engine off when not needed such as when stopping at traffic lights. Some vehicles even use the electric power to gain a speed of 30 to 40 KM/h. Some vehicles also use regenerative braking. By this method when breaks are applied, the car decreases the speed by cutting some amount of power. This power is then used by the generator to generate electric power that can be stored for later use.

The price of these vehicles start from 23000$ and they reach up to 54000$. There are some hybrid SUVs are also available in the market.

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Tags: Acceleration, Average Person, Better Mileage, Body Structure, Co2 Emissions, Diesel Electric Submarines, electric vehicles, Extra Power, Gasoline Engine, Gasoline Power, hybrid car, Hybrid Power Technology, Hybrid Vehicle, Hybrid Vehicles, Liter Engine, Muscle Car, Power Sources, Questio, V8, Waste Fuel

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How to Make Your Engine Perform More Efficiently

July 15th, 2009 by engineering magazines

Try increasing displacement – the more displacement means the more power you’ll because it burns more gas during each revolution of the engine (Not very fuel saving). Try making the cylinders bigger or by adding more cylinders. 12 seems to be the limit.

Modify the compression ratio – You can produce more power by increasing compression ratios. The more air/fuel mixture is compressed the more power it will generate, however the more likely it is to spontaneously burst into flame (prior to the spark plug igniting it). Higher octane gasolines prevent this sort of early combustion. High-performance cars generally use high octane gasoline – because the engines use high compression ratios.

Stuff more into each cylinder – you can get more power from the cylinder, if you can cram more air (and therefore fuel) into a cylinder of a given size. Turbo chargers and super chargers pressurize the incoming air to effectively cram more air into a cylinder.

Cool the incoming air – It get pretty hot when compressing air. You would like to have the coolest air possible in the cylinder because the hotter the air is the less it will expand when combustion takes place. An intercooler is a special radiator through which the compressed air passes to cool it off before it enters the cylinder. Therefore many turbo charged and super charged cars have an intercooler.

Let air come in more easily – As a piston moves down in the intake stroke, air resistance can rob power from the engine. Air resistance can be lessened dramatically by putting two intake valves in each cylinder. Some newer cars are also using polished intake manifolds to eliminate air resistance there. Bigger air filters can also improve air flow.

Let exhaust exit more easily – If air resistance makes it hard for exhaust to exit a cylinder, it robs the engine of power. Air resistance can be lessened by adding a second exhaust valve to each cylinder (a car with 2 intake and 2 exhaust values has 4 valves per cylinder, which improves performance – when you hear a car ad tell you the car has 4 cylinders and 16 valves, what the ad is saying is that the engine has four valves per cylinder). If the exhaust pipe is too small or the muffler has a lot of air resistance then this can cause back-pressure which has the same effect. High-performance exhaust systems use headers, big tail pipes and free-flowing mufflers to eliminate back-pressure in the exhaust system. When you hear that a car has “Dual Exhaust”, the goal is to improve the flow of exhaust by having two exhaust pipes instead of one.

Try making everything lighter – The lighter the piston, the less energy it takes. Lightweight parts help the engine perform better. Each time a piston changes direction it uses up energy to stop the travel in one direction and start it in another.

Inject the fuel – This improves performance and fuel economy. Fuel injection allows very precise metering of fuel to each cylinder.

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Tags: air filters, air flow, air fuel mixture, air resistance, Compression Ratio, Compression Ratios, displacement, exhaust valve, Gasolines, high compression, high octane gasoline, high performance cars, incoming air, intake valves, intercooler, newer cars, Spark Plug, stroke air, super charged cars, super chargers

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How to Choose the Right Type of Motorcycle

June 25th, 2009 by engineering magazines

So you want to buy a motorcycle? Believe it or not, you have a lot of decisions to make before you are ready to make a purchase. There are dozens of types of motorcycles on the market today, and you will need to make sure you get one that is the right fit for you.

Main Types of Road Bikes

Road bikes are the bikes you will use on paved roads. Most people who are in the market for a motorcycle will choose this type of bike. These bikes are very fuel-efficient and typically have top speeds between 100 and 125 mph. There are multiple types of road bikes you can choose from.

Cruisers include bikes made by Harley-Davidson and Excelsior-Henderson among other manufacturers. When you sit on this bike, your feet will be facing forward. Most cruisers require you to keep your hands up and your spine straight. Choppers are a common type of cruiser. These are designed for comfort on long rides, not necessarily great speed. Many cruisers are custom made for their owners.

A sport bike is a bike that is designed for speed and handles well. It can stop and accelerate quickly and is incredibly maneuverable. These are sometimes called “crotch rockets.” They have a lightweight frame and a high performance engine. The foot pegs are typically quite high, requiring the rider to hold his legs close to the body. The rider generally has to lean forward in order to reach the hand controls.

Those who travel long distances on a regular basis or use their bikes for a long commute may wish to look for a touring model. These bikes have large screens, hold more fuel, and have more comfortable seats than other models. They are less sporty than the first two types, but are far more practical.

Naked bikes are bikes that have few extras. These street bikes are not covered with shiny body panels and do not have screens. They are simply an engine and a seat with the necessary controls. Functionality and performance are the main goals of these bikes.

If you are unsure about the bike you want, head to a dealership and test-drive a few different types. You will find one that is comfortable for you. This is the type of bike you should look for once you are ready to buy.

Scooters

While you may not think of a scooter as a motorcycle, it is does fall in this category. Scooters or motor scooters typically have small wheels and engines. They do not have foot bars, but the rider’s feet sit in front of him on a platform that is part of a step-through frame. These are not designed for speed, but they are designed to be a convenient, portable means of transportation. These are becoming more and more sporty in design as they gain popularity, especially among city dwellers.

Off-Road Motorcycles

Off-road bikes, which are sometimes called dirt bikes, have small, lightweight engines. They have simple construction and have little to no bodywork, because they are not designed for show. The tires are designed for rugged trail riding, and are large and knobby to aid the bike in maintaining traction. These bikes are used for off-road sports, not as a means of transportation. They are usually not street-legal.

Dual-Sport Motorcycles

For those who want to enjoy off-roading with their bikes but also want their motorcycle to be a means of transportation, dual-sport bikes are probably the best option. These bikes can be legally driven on the street, but they are also built durably enough to handle riding off road. There are several types of dual-sport bikes available.

A hypermotard has a powerful engine and is equipped with road tires and rims. The rest of the bike resembles an off road bike. Supermotards are similar bikes. They are known for their good handling on concrete and fast acceleration.

Adventure-touring bikes are road bikes that can go off road on gravel and dirt paths. They are not intended for use in motorbike sports, but those who enjoy touring the outdoors and do not want to be confined to paved roads will find these a good fit.

Get Your License

Before you can ride your bike, you need to have a motorcycle license. Check with your local DMV to find out the rules and regulations in your state regarding motorcycle riders on the road. You may need to take a motorcycle riding safety course. Remember, very little stands between you and the pavement when you are on a motorcycle, so you need to make sure you know how to handle the bike safely. Be sure to practice riding in a variety of conditions, especially wet conditions, before you head out on the open road. If you are not fully prepared for varying road conditions, you could be putting your life and the lives of those around you at risk when you take your bike on the road.

Getting the Right Gear

One of the most important pieces of gear you will need is a helmet. Some states do not require a helmet, but it is a very necessary piece of safety equipment. You will want to get a leather coat and gloves to protect your skin when you ride. Eye gear is required in all states, even those that do not require helmet use. Make sure you purchase eyewear that is designed to be used by motorcycle riders.

Finding the Right Bike

Once you have determined the general style of motorcycle you want, the search begins to find the one that best fits your tastes and needs. There are many places you can go to find the perfect bike. The most obvious option is a motorcycle dealership. If you want a brand new bike, this is the only option. However, if you are shopping for a used bike, you may find that an individual owner will offer you a better price.

If you decide to buy from an individual, you need to spend some time searching motorcycle classifieds. You can find these online or in your local paper. If you want something very specific, shopping with Internet motorcycle classifieds is going to be the best option. You will have a larger base of motorcycle owners from which to choose when you shop online.

Incoming search terms for the article:

dual sport motorcycle magazines

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Tags: Body Panels, Buy Motorcycle, Choppers, Cruisers, Excelsior Henderson, Foot Pegs, Harley Davidson, Lightweight Frame, Long Commute, Long Distances, Main Goals, Naked Bikes, Necessary Controls, Paved Roads, Performance Engine, Road Bikes, Rockets, Shiny Body, Sport Bike, Street Bikes

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Useful Tips On How To Choose A BMW Motorcycle

June 8th, 2009 by engineering magazines

The motorcycle is not just a machine and motorcycling is not just another form of transport. It is more of a cult activity, more of a brotherhood, a subculture.

Riding a motorcycle connects you with the Earth and wind – it reconciles your soul with nature, and this is something you can never ever experience in a car because all a car does is shut you up and make you feel boxed in. The various subcultures that motorcycling has spawned are cruising, street racing, Motocross racing, stunt driving, to name a few.

Close your eyes and let your imagination fly – imagine yourself biking up the mountains in a sleek, rugged machine, imagine yourself racing at breakneck speeds at a sports rally, imagine yourself all rugged and macho as you race to work on your supercool city bike, and imagine the wind caress your face as the splendid sights pass you by!

Yes, biking is truly a wonderful activity, and if you have not experienced its thrills and spills, then it’s time to make motorcycling a part of your life by latching on to a BMW beauty.

BMW motorcycles are an integral part of the biking scene. In case you are not aware, before World War I BMW was involved in manufacturing airplane engines. After the war, the German Air Force was banned and, consequently, there was zero demand for airplane engines. It was because of this that BMW first diversified into manufacturing agricultural machinery, toolboxes and brakes – but this did not satisfy their engineering talent and in 1923 the first BMW motorcycle – the R32 – was born. And, since then, there has been no looking back. Today, BMW is a big name in the commercial, emergency, utility and leisure motorcycle industry.

BMW’s range of bikes is designed for every motor biking pleasure you can ever think of. Their Enduro range of bikes is very aggressively engineered to blaze through extremely demanding situations – ride on any track on these lightweights!

Select a bike from their Tour range if you want to tour the states, swallowing up the roads as you go. As you would have guessed, the BMW Tour range is built for the long haul.

BMW’s Sport bikes are a bunch of lean, mean, nimble machines that roar with raw power every time you fire their cylinders up – guess it’s time to hit the dirt road with these shapely beauties.

Finally, BMW’s Urban range allows you to adopt a scorched pavement policy, burning up the city roads as you maneuver and zip down the roads on them.

Whatever your motorcycling application – be it entering a contest, zipping to work, becoming a bike enthusiast, starting a brotherhood or a mobike cult, touring off to the countryside, or whatever – remember, there is a motorcycle waiting for you.

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