Engineering Magazines

Check out the amazing New MUV from Mahindra – The Mahindra Xylo

Did you know that just cleaning your car can drastically improve fuel economy? Or that traffic death rates are three times greater at night than during the day? Browse through these car care or auto repair tips and find out how to get the best out of your Mahindra Xylo, keep your vehicle in good shape for years to come and discover ways to make your journey safer and more enjoyable.

Car Care and Auto Repair

Car Engine Oil

It is normal for engines to consume some car engine oil during operation. If the Oil Pressure warning light glows continuously, check the car engine oil level and add the recommended grade of oil if necessary. Use Mahindra Maximile Premium Engine Oil only. It is ideal for your Mahindra Xylo.

Note:

Car Engine oil consumption depends upon the viscosity and quality of the oil, and upon the conditions in which the vehicle is driven. Oil consumption will be more during high speed driving and frequent acceleration and deceleration. A new engine will consume more car engine oil since its pistons, piston rings and cylinder walls are not conditioned.

Battery

If the battery terminal is corroded, wash it with a solution of warm water and baking soda.

Check the battery exterior for corroded and loose terminal connections.

Be sure the engine and all accessories are turned ‘OFF’ before performing maintenance.

Always disconnect the negative terminal cable first from the battery.

Check the electrolyte level at intervals of 3 months. If the level is below the lower marker, add distilled water until the level reaches the upper marker.

Tires

Inspect your vehicle’s tires by performing the following checks.

Measure the air pressure with a tire gauge. Adjust, if necessary.

Check for abnormal wear, cracks and any damage. If a tire shows abnormal wear, have it inspected by your Mahindra Dealer. Replace, if needed.

Increasing Fuel Efficiency

Get up to 25% more fuel efficiency from your Mahindra Xylo by following these tips.

Sudden bursts of speed can prove costly. Accelerate steadily, brake gradually. Plan your trip and pace your speed. And avoid high traffic density roads. Rolling in neutral saves 15-20 cc of fuel. Ensure perfect wheel balance and you can cover up to 20% of your distance in neutral. Wrong tyre pressure is a drain on fuel. Check the owner’s manual for the correct tyre pressure for your Mahindra Xylo. Better still invest in a tyre pressure gauge. Use oils & fluids recommended by the manufacturer.

Only Mahindra knows what oils & fluids your Mahindra Xylo needs. Buy only what is recommended in the manual.

Excessive cooling increases fuel consumption. Switch off the AC when it’s not needed. Keep the refrigerant topped up. Get the AC checked regularly. Use the tachometer to save fuel. Your owner’s manual will tell you how to shift gears according to the Tachometer and thus save fuel. Going easy on the clutch saves fuel. Take your foot off the clutch pedal if you’re not shifting gears. And when you do use it, remember to depress it completely. Remove the 3rd row to reduce fuel usage. Fill only as much fuel as needed. It reduces extra weight, unwanted spillage and evaporation losses. Dirt soaks up fuel. Remove dirt from wheel arches, drip rails and other such places. It could reduce weight by almost 15 kg. Go easy on accessories.

Accessories such as roof carriers and bumper extensions drag down fuel efficiency. Listen to music and save fuel – When stuck in traffic, turn off the engine and switch on the car deck.

Check out the amazing New MUV from Mahindra – The Mahindra Xylo

I want to introduct something about Miniature Four Post Bed with Moon Shape. Specification: Name: Miniature Four Post Bed with Moon Shape Item# : LS221 Size (cm) : (L)22*(W)16*(H)22 cm Material: Hardwood (Huanghuali Wood)Couch Beds and Canopy Beds are 2 typical styles of Chinese antique beds. Couch bed (chuang, luohan chuang) is distinguished by railings, which render it as a more formal piece of furniture. The development of railings may be related with the early placement of screen panels around the back and sides of the platform, which enhanced the sitter as well as provided privacy and protection from drafts. The platform bed was naturally extended with surrounding screen panels or tented awnings to provide nighttime enclosure. The canopy bed is thus characterized by a super structure fitted to the top of the bed, which was enclosed with panels and/or hung with draperies. Four-post canopy beds, which were common during the Ming period. Lula’s Arts’ Chinese antique style (Ming-Qing Dynasty) wood miniature furniture with solid Huanghuali, Pada

A cylinder is the central working part of a reciprocating engine, the space in which a piston travels. Multiple cylinders are commonly arranged side by side in a bank, or engine block, which is typically cast from aluminum or cast iron before precision features are machined into it. The cylinders may then be lined with sleeves or liners of some harder metal, or given a wear-resistant coating such as Nikasil. Ceramic linings have also been tried, so far unsuccessfully, except with low-speed “oilless” steam engines. A cylinder’s displacement, or swept volume, is its cross-sectional area (the square of half the bore times pi ) times the distance the piston travels within the cylinder (the stroke). The engine displacement is the swept volume of one cylinder times the number of cylinders in the engine.

A piston is seated inside each cylinder by several metal piston rings which fit around its outside surface in machined grooves; typically two for compressional sealing and one to seal the oil (In steam engines only compressional sealing rings are used of which there can be from two to five on the piston; a fine vapour of oil is usually maintained suspended in the steam working in the cylinder. The rings make near contact with the hard walls of the liner, riding on a thin layer of lubricating oil which is essential to keep the engine from seizing up. This contact, and the resulting wear, explains the need for the hard lining on the inner surface of the cylinder. The breaking in or running in of an engine is a process whereby tiny irregularities in the metals are encouraged to form congruent grooves. An engine job or rebore is a process in which the cylinders are machined out to a slightly larger diameter, and new sleeves and piston rings installed.

Heat engines

Cylinder with piston in a double acting steam engine

Main article: Heat engine

Heat engines, including Stirling engines, are sealed machines using pistons within cylinders to transfer energy from a heat source to a colder reservoir, often using steam or another gas as the working substance. (See Carnot cycle.) The first illustration depicts a longitudinal section of a cylinder in a steam engine. The sliding part at the bottom is the piston, and the upper sliding part is a distribution valve (in this case of the D slide valve type) that directs steam alternately into either end of the cylinder. Refrigerators and air conditioners are heat engines driven in reverse cycle as pumps.

Internal combustion engines

Malossi air-cooled cylinder for two-stroke scooters. The exhaust port is visible to the right.

Four-stroke cycle (Otto cycle)

Main article: Internal combustion engine

Internal combustion engines operate on the inherent volume change accompanying oxidation of gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel (or some other hydrocarbon) or ethanol, an expansion which is greatly enhanced by the heat produced. They are not classical heat engines since they expel the working substance, which is also the combustion product, into the surroundings.

The reciprocating motion of the pistons is translated into crankshaft rotation via connecting rods. As a piston moves back and forth, a connecting rod changes its angle; its distal end has a rotating link to the crankshaft. In addition to cylinder-piston engines, there are also rotary turbines. The Wankel engine is a rotary adaptation of the cylinder-piston concept which has been used by Mazda and NSU in automobiles. Rotary engines are relatively quiet because they lack the clatter of reciprocating motion.

Air-cooled engines generally use individual cases for the cylinders to facilitate cooling. Inline motorcycle engines are an exception, having two-, three-, four-, or even six-cylinder air-cooled units in a common block. Water-cooled engines with only a few cylinders may also use individual cylinder cases, though this makes the cooling system more complex. The Ducati motorcycle company, which for years used air-cooled motors with individual cylinder cases, retained the basic design of their V-twin engine while adapting it to water-cooling.

In some engines, especially French designs, the cylinders have “wet liners”. They are formed separately from the main casting so that liquid coolant is free to flow around their outsides. Wet-lined cylinders have better cooling and a more even temperature distribution, but this design makes the engine as a whole somewhat less rigid.

A typical four-cylinder automobile engine has a single row of water-cooled cylinders. V engines (V6 or V8) use two angled cylinder banks. The “V” is designed to minimize vibration through destructive interference of harmonic overtones. (The “straight-eight” engine is a thing of the past.) Many other engine configurations exist.

During use, the cylinder is subject to wear from the rubbing action of the piston rings and piston skirt. This is minimized…(and so on) To get More information , you can visit some products about hydraulic pullers, child mannequin, . The Miniature Four Post Bed with Moon Shape products should be show more here!

The engine is undoubtedly one of the most indispensable parts of your Pontiac vehicle. Considered as the heart of your car, this car component is mainly responsible for converting fuel into mechanical energy so that your car would work. It does this by burning the fuel through the combustion process. It is made up of various parts, and these include the spark plug, connecting rod, piston, valves, piston rings, sump and crankshaft. There are different types of engines, such as 2 stroke engines and 4 stroke engines—but they all share the same function. Aside from the fact that your engine makes it possible for your car to move, your internal combustion engine also tells you if something is going wrong with your car. Some of the telltale signs of engine trouble include pinging, grinding, squeaking, chirping or knocking noises. This can be prevented if you know how to properly take care of your car. Among the basic maintenance procedures you can employ to prolong the service life of your engine is by periodically cleaning and inspecting them.

Another way of keeping your engine in tip top shape is by equipping it with a Pontiac engine mount. As you drive, your engine is exposed to a lot of stresses—and that can be a major cause of engine failure. The Pontiac engine mount prevents premature engine failure by significantly reducing engine noise and vibration. A typical car has a front engine mount and a rear engine mount. When this device is added on your car, it enables the engine to be kept in its proper location. This is possible, because the engine mount connects your engine to the framework or chassis of your car. A typical Pontiac engine mount is made up of a padded bolt and nut assembly in rubber or steel construction. The rubber padding is used to cushion the engine against vibrations. On the other had, the metal brackets keep the engine secured into the chassis of your Pontiac. Not only that, a complete engine mount assembly has a number of features. Some of these include a built-in signal capability, encoder/limit connector, positive motor alignment, and an integral motor.

After about 60,000 miles of driving, your Pontiac engine mount may wear out. Some of the things that you should look for are visible engine mount damage, shifted engine block, separated rubber from the mounting plate, fluid leakage, and fasteners that cannot be torqued. When you have got some damaged engine mounts, it could result to severe engine knocking. Engine knocking happens when there is a lot of uncontrolled vibration in your engine compartment. You must have your worn out engine mount repaired immediately by a competent auto mechanic to solve the problem. However, if your Pontiac engine mount is beyond repair, you might as well replace it with a new one. Just keep in mind that engine mounts are not a one-size-fits-all component. You must ensure that you buy an engine mount replacement that matches the configurations of your car. That way, you can be sure that your engine will be free from any road noise and vibration in any road condition.



By: Anthony Fontanelle

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